模板模式

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在模板模式（Template Pattern）中，一个抽象类公开定义了执行它的方法的方式/模板。它的子类可以按需要重写方法实现，但调用将以抽象类中定义的方式进行

Class Diagram

Implemenation

模板类

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public abstract class Game {
    abstract void initialize();

    abstract void startPlay();

    abstract void endPlay();

    //模板
    public final void play() {

        //初始化游戏
        initialize();

        //开始游戏
        startPlay();

        //结束游戏
        endPlay();
    }
}

模板实现类

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public class Football extends Game {

    @Override
    void endPlay() {
        System.out.println("Football Game Finished!");
    }

    @Override
    void initialize() {
        System.out.println("Football Game Initialized! Start playing.");
    }

    @Override
    void startPlay() {
        System.out.println("Football Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
    }
}

// ====================================

public class Cricket extends Game {

    @Override
    void endPlay() {
        System.out.println("Cricket Game Finished!");
    }

    @Override
    void initialize() {
        System.out.println("Cricket Game Initialized! Start playing.");
    }

    @Override
    void startPlay() {
        System.out.println("Cricket Game Started. Enjoy the game!");
    }
}

测试类

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public class TemplateTest {
    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception{
        Game game = new Cricket();
        game.play();
        System.out.println();
        game = new Football();
        game.play();
    }
}

Example

  • java.util.Collections#sort()
  • java.io.InputStream#skip()
  • java.io.InputStream#read()
  • java.util.AbstractList#indexOf()

Refence